19 Nisan 2015 Pazar

NEW TECHNOLOGIES

The benefits of new technology in language learning

Gary Motteram, editor of Innovations in learning technologies for English language teaching, explains how the arrival of digital technologies in the classroom has helped learning.

Technology is very much part of language learning throughout the world at all different levels. We are as likely to find it in the primary sector as much as in adult education.

I no longer need to make the case for computers to be provided in education, because computers are there in abundance in all their modern forms.We may see traditional computers in labs, teachers and students walking around with laptops or tablet PCs, and many people will have a mobile phone in their pocket that is capable of doing rather more than the mainframe computers that started computer-assisted language learning in the 1960s. I do recognise that there are many kinds of digital divide, and that this is not true everywhere.

What can put teachers off using technology

What is still sometimes an issue is the reliability of these technologies for classroom use. This can discourage teachers from making use of technology as often as they would want to. It's compounded by the fact that, if these teachers are working in schools, they are faced with classes of learners who may, on the surface at least, appear to be more digitally competent than their teachers are. Learners can therefore challenge their teachers, in ways that put the latter off using the technologies that could potentially make such a difference to what happens in the classroom.

How technology can help learners test their skills

In my recent book for the British Council, Innovations in learning technologies for English language teaching, I argue that digital technologies are ideally placed to help teachers working with learners, and learners working independently, to do the necessary ‘languaging’ (M. SwainOpens in a new tab or window.) that makes their language development possible. We are talking here about doing things with language rather than just learning about language. Swain argues that learners can’t simply develop based on input. We must engage with other people using that language, and try to make meaning together. Whenever I speak or write something, if I don’t produce language with someone else in mind, I have no way of knowing whether others can understand what I say or write. Of course, I need to read and listen as well, but unless I progress to this further stage, I can’t complete the process.

If we take writing as a starting point, technology in the form of word processors (and the many other ways we now have of producing text) allows us to work at the language. We go through a process of creating and re-creating text until it is fully comprehensible to others and is accurate. We can create a draft, show it to others and, based on feedback, can make changes to improve the text. The tools can also help us by showing that our spelling or grammar needs work, too. Technology makes this much easier, and makes it more likely that learners will engage with the editing process to produce the highest-quality text that they can. This writing can then be displayed for others to look at and comment on.

Trying to find ways for people to do meaningful spoken language practice in a class can be very challenging, particularly if, as a teacher, you lack confidence in your own spoken language skills. Linking your class to other classes around the world, using tools such as video conferencing, can give a reason for a learner to ask a question and then try to understand the response. It might also provide support for the teacher, too. The technology mediates the process, getting language out there and giving feedback that shows whether someone has or hasn’t understood what you have said.

The benefits of technology in language learning that is integrated with project work

Another area that technology supports very effectively is project work. We have always tried to encourage learners to learn about things through language. Getting learners to do work about topics that are of interest to them, or topics that are taught in other parts of the curriculum (sometimes called Content and Language Integrated Learning or CLILOpens in a new tab or window.) is a great way to improve their skills. Technology makes this possible wherever you are in the world. Teachers and learners can go online to read or listen to material about different areas of interest, and can then write or speak about what they have discovered, telling others in the class or other classes elsewhere in the world.

MOBILE ADVANTAGES

MOBILE ADVANTAGES

Advantages of mobile technology

Mobile technology is exactly what the name implies - technology that is portable. Examples of mobile IT devices include:

laptop, tablets and netbook computers
'smart phones'
global positioning system (GPS) devices
wireless debit/credit card payment terminals

Mobile devices can be enabled to use a variety of communications technologies such as:

wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) - a type of wireless local area network technology
Bluetooth - connects mobile devices wirelessly
'third generation' (3G), 'fourth generation' (4G), global system for mobile communications (GSM) and general packet radio service (GPRS) data services - data networking services for mobile phones
dial-up services - data networking services using modems and telephone lines
virtual private networks - secure access to a private network

It is therefore possible to network the mobile device to a home office or the internet while travelling.

Advantages of mobile technologies

Mobile computing can improve the service you offer your customers. For example, when meeting with customers you could access your customer relationship management system - over the internet - allowing you to update customer details whilst away from the office. Alternatively, you can enable customers to pay for services or goods without having to go to the till. For example, by using a wireless payment terminal diners can pay for their meal without leaving their table.

More powerful solutions can link you directly into the office network while working off site, for instance to access your database or accounting systems. For example, you could:

set up a new customer's account
check prices and stock availability
place an order online

This leads to great flexibility in working - for example, enabling home working, or working while travelling. Increasingly, networking 'hot spots' are being provided in public areas that allow connection back to the office network or the internet. The growth of cloud computing has also impacted positively on the use of mobile devices, supporting more flexible working practices by providing services over the internet.

CELL PHONES
Cell Phones are important technological inventions of the twientieth century.It has been using since 1985.At the same time,mobile technology has been developed by reformist engineers.
One of the main advantages of cell phones is that it is carried to everywhere by us.
We can talk anywhere with ou mobile phones.Morever,It has got a lot of properties such as calculating,chronometers and games.
It is also funny.The main mission of the cell phones is,of course,communacition .
Mobile phones have more propertiesthan old one.Some of them has wap and we can connect to internet for surfing the net.We can also do shopping,pay the bills,play computer games,searching new things.
thanks to cell phones,we can sending messages to our family,friends and relatives on holidays.We can share our photos and vidoes and take a lot of photos.we do not have to carry our photo machines .
Finally,Cell phones are wonderful inventions for peopleand it is a popular and common communication tool.Our life is easy with new generation phones...
Gökalp YILDIRIM

CLIMATE CHANGE

The climate is changing. The earth is warming up, and there is now overwhelming scientific consensus that it is happening, and human-induced. With global warming on the increase and species and their habitats on the decrease, chances for ecosystems to adapt naturally are diminishing.

Many are agreed that climate change may be one of the greatest threats facing the planet. Recent years show increasing temperatures in various regions, and/or increasing extremities in weather patterns.

HEALTHY HABITS

1.It Prevents Depression
.While you might feel sad if your team loses a big game, being an active participant all season can actually help prevent depression. “

2.It Makes Your Relationship Stronger

Watching the game together as a couple can actually create a stronger bond between you and your partner.

3.It Could Help You Live Longer

Sure, going for a run and eating right are key factors in living a long and health life.

4.It Keeps Your Mind Active

"Avid sports fans often break down a game and analyze it as a puzzle in such a way that constitutes mental exercise, and probably in a subtle way keeps the mind sharper and more active over a period of time,"

5.You Could Lose Weight

There’s nothing better than getting outside or to the gym to prevent weight gain.

6.It Builds Self-Esteem

"Rooting for teams is reflective of a primitive tribal impulse that we all have inside of us that wants our group, our geographic tribe, to prevail

HEALTHY HABITS
1.Do not drink alcohol

2.Check-up

It is agood strategy for being healthy.You should check-up regularly

3.Do exercise

By doing exercise,you can be a healthy person.If you do sport,you will have a strong heart,burn your fat,sleep well,have less illnesses,have no stress

4.Drink 6-8 glasses of water in a day.

5.Eat healthy food

6.Take a vitamin or minerals

7.Stay away from drugs

8.Lose Wight

If you are too fat,it means that you are unhealty.

GENETICS AND PREVENTION

genetic Diseases

Genetic diseases, changes in a person's DNA (mutations) are the resulting disease. Occurs on the nucleotide sequences of DNA known as genes that change . In this case, the affected gene (s ) deterioration in the functions may occur . Deterioration in the structure of the gene , causing people to regulate the vital functions of the proteins encoded by preventing or wrong to be encoded may destroy the normal structure and function. Such genetic disorders, cause genetic disease.

Disease-causing mutations can occur in the germ cells or somatic cells. Mutations occurring in germ cells ( germ-line mutations), there are mutations that can be passed on to subsequent generations. This condition is hereditary nature of the disease as possible .

Somatic cells, i.e., reproduction and mutation occurring in the differentiation ability of non- tissue cells are not transmitted to the next generation açabilirk people to disease .
Genetic disorders that cause monogenic diseases ( single-gene origin), may be chromosomal or multifactoria

Monogenic disorders (monogenic disease), the changes that occur in the nucleotide sequence of a single gene (s) originates from. The mutated gene (mutant gene) does not fulfill its function and causes defective proteins encoded. Impaired function of the protein encoded thereby for the wrong disease occurs. These mutations chromosome from their mother and father alleles contain only one or two in one. These mutations are transmitted to the next generation through parents autosomal dominant (dominant), autosomal recessive (recessive) or a transition depends on the X chromosome. Autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive mutations in autosomal chromosomes; i.e. non-sex chromosomes (X and Y except for chromosomes) 22 are mutations occurring in pairs. Monogenic diseases, Gregor Johann Mendel's inheritance for such a transition according to the laws of heredity "Mendelian inheritance" is also called.
In accordance with an autosomal dominant disorder with a pattern can only come from the mother or father of the mutation in the corresponding gene is sufficient for the formation of disease. In other words; about a single parental allele carrying the mutation is caused to transfer disease to children. Under normal circumstances, the likelihood of a healthy and seen the same disease in children is 50% of individuals with a monogenic disease.
Yağız KAHRAMAN

THE MASS OF THE EARTH

Earth, with average distance of 92,955,820 miles (149,597,890 km) from the sun, is the third planet and one of the most unique planets in the solar system. Itformed around 4.5-4.6 billion years ago and is the only planet known to sustain life. This is because factors like itsatmospheric composition and physical properties such as the presence of water over 70.8% of the planet allow life to thriveEarth is also unique however because it is the largest of the terrestrial planets (one that is composed of a thin layer of rocks as opposed to those that are mostly made up of gases like Jupiter or Saturn) based on its mass, density, and diameter. Earth is also the fifth largest planet in the entire solar system.

Earth's Size

As the largest of the terrestrial planets, Earth has an estimated mass of 5.9736 × 1024 kg. Its volume is also the largest of these planets at 108.321 × 1010km3.

In addition, Earth is the densest of the terrestrial planets as it is made up of a crust, mantle and core. The Earth's crust is the thinnest of these layers while the mantle comprises 84% of Earth's volume and extends 1,800 miles (2,900 km) below the surface. What makes Earth the densest of these planets however is its core. It is the only terrestrial planet with a liquid outer core that surrounds a solid, dense inner core. Earth's average density is 5515 × 10 kg/m3. Mars, the smallest of the terrestrial planets by density, is only around 70% as dense as Earth.

Earth is classified as the

largest of the terrestrial planets based on its circumference and diameter as well. At the equator, Earth's circumference is 24,901.55 miles (40,075.16 km). It is slightly smaller between the North and South poles at 24,859.82 miles (40,008 km). Earth's diameter at the poles is 7,899.80 miles (12,713.5 km) while it is 7,926.28 miles (12,756.1 km) at the equator. For comparison, the largest planet in Earth's solar system, Jupiter, has a diameter of 88,846 miles (142,984 km).

Earth's Shape

Earth's circumference and diameter differ because its shape is classified as an oblate spheroid or ellipsoid, instead of a true sphere. This means that instead of being of equal circumference in all areas, the poles are squished, resulting in a bulge at the equator, and thus a larger circumference and diameter there.

The equatorial bulge at Earth's equator is measured at 26.5 miles (42.72 km) and is caused by the planet's rotation and gravity. Gravity itself causes planets and other celestial bodies to contract and form a sphere. This is because it pulls all the mass of an object as close to the center of gravity (the Earth's core in this case) as possible.

Because Earth rotates, this sphere is distorted by the centrifugal force. This is the force that causes objects to move outward away from the center of gravity. Therefore, as the Earth rotates, centrifugal force is greatest at the equator so it causes a slight outward bulge there, giving that region a larger circumference and diameter.

Local topography also plays a role in the Earth's shape, but on a global scale its role is very small. The largest differences in local topography across the globe are Mount Everest, the highest point above sea level at 29,035 ft (8,850 m), and the Mariana Trench, the lowest point below sea level at 35,840 ft (10,924 m). This difference is only a matter of about 12 miles (19 km), which is very minor overall. If equatorial bulge is considered, the world's highest point and the place that is farthest from the Earth's center is the peak of the volcano Chimborazo in Ecuador as it is the highest peak that is nearest the equator. Its elevation is 20,561 ft (6,267 m).

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